AWG Wire Size Explained
AWG stands for American Wire Gauge. It is a standard system used in North America to describe the diameter of electrical wires.
How AWG Numbers Work
AWG numbers work in reverse:
- Smaller AWG number = thicker wire
- Larger AWG number = thinner wire
Common AWG Wire Sizes
| AWG Size | Diameter (mm) | Typical Max Current (Amps) | Common Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14 | 1.63 | 15A | Household outlets (US) |
| 12 | 2.05 | 20A | Kitchen / bathroom circuits |
| 10 | 2.59 | 30A | Dryers, water heaters |
| 8 | 3.26 | 40–50A | Ranges, EV chargers |
| 6 | 4.11 | 55–65A | Subpanels |
Why Wire Size Matters
- Thicker wires carry more current safely.
- Using the wrong gauge can cause overheating.
- Circuit breakers protect against overcurrent, not undersized wires.
Real-World Example
A standard US household outlet uses 14 AWG wire on a 15A breaker. A kitchen circuit often uses 12 AWG wire with a 20A breaker.
Common Mistakes
A common mistake is thinking a higher AWG number means a thicker wire. In fact, the opposite is true.
FAQ
Is 12 AWG thicker than 14 AWG? Yes. 12 AWG is thicker and can carry more current.
Does AWG apply worldwide? No. AWG is mainly used in North America.
What gauge wire should I use? Follow electrical code and breaker ratings.